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Master1 essayPsycholinguistics merges the fields of psychology and linguistics to study how people process words and how words use is tie in to underlying mental processes. Studies of childrens language acquisition and of second-language acquisition are psycholinguistic in nature. Psycholinguists work to mount models for how language is processed and understood, using evidence from studies of what happens when these processes go awry.They as well as study language disorders such as aphasia impairment of the ability to se or comprehend words and dyslexia impairment of the ability to make come forth written language. It is the study of interrelationship of psychological and linguistic behaviour. Its most important area of investigation has been language acquisition. It has raised and has partly answered questions such as how do children acquire their mother tongue? How do they come up up linguistically and withdraw to handle the registral and stylistic varieties of their mother tongue effectively?How much of the linguistic administration that they ultimately command, are they born with and how much do they iscover on the basis of their exposure to that system? John D. carroll states that this branch uses few aspects of psychology and some aspects of linguistics. It is confined to the study of how people use a language system and how they learnt it By language acquisition is meant the process whereby children achieve a fluent harbour of their native tongue.By 1950, people thought that children imitated their elders and got language but now various theories rush been presented. Some consider that it is the environmental impact and product of our experience and others discuss the nnateness of language or Empiricist (Behaviorists) and Rationalists (Mentalists). The theoretical questions have focused on the issue of how we can account for the phenomenon of language growing in children at all. median(prenominal) children have mastered most of the structures of their language by the age of five or six.The earlier behaviouristic assumptions were that it was possible to explain language development largely in terms of imitation and reinforcement. Psycholinguistics therefore argue that imitation is not enough it is not except by mechanical repetition that children acquire language. They also acquire it by natural exposure. Both nature and nurture influence the acquisition of language in children. Both schools of thought have said significant things but neither is perfect.Language Acquisition is a process of analogy and application, nature and nurture. Experience and innateness. Imitation is there but the child forms his own grammar of rules. Children learn first not items but systems. In other words, what is universe claimed is that the childs brain contains certain innate characteristics which pre-structure it in the direction of language learnedness. To enable these innate features to develop into adult competence, the chi ld must be clear to human language, i. e. it must be stimulated in proper to respond but the basis. David Crystal asserts On which it develops its linguistic abilities is not describable in behaviourist terms Psycholinguistics nas researched and exposed that there is a precise period in first language acquisition. If the child, in the first thirteen years, is not exposed to language, he loses his critical period and then he can never master a language even so his native tongue. Genie and Chelsea ho lost their critical period, are the examples in this proof.If he is exposed to language in his childhood, he goes certain stages to learn his mother tongue. The development of a childs language starts from babbling merely saying /b/, p/ and / m/ and so on and then he goes on to word level. His One-Word Stage is amid the ages of 12 months, children are able to produce unrivalled word utterances. And the child can use one word to mean the whole thing as dada to mean I see daddy or da ddy is coming and so on or Juice to means give me Juice etc. In Two-Word Stage such as baby check eaning the baby is sitting in the chair or babys chair etc.Hit Doggie meaning I hit the doggy etc. In Telegraphic Stage, children begin to produce longer and complex sentences such are chair broken, Car make noise, I good boy, man ride bus today etc. Language development from age 2 is rapid and fast. The telegraphic stage is a very important period which is characterized by the emergence of powerful grammatical devices. In short, Psycholinguistics deals with relationship between language and mind focusing primarily on how language is learnt, stored and occasionally lost.Mind and language have dickens functions Acquisition and Performance and the two are linked. For empiricists, language learning is the result of conditioned look while Chomsky maintains that every human being has an innate capacity to learn his language. Language behavior is a very complex phenomenon. Language behavi or is subject to different social and psychological factors. There is strong evidence to prove that language learning is a biologically controlled process. Psycholinguistics seeks to study all these issues and more.