Comparative Models of Counselling

A report that reflects on Person Centred Therapy and considers how this archetype could be incorporated alongside the centre model of Cognitive behavioral Therapy in my current Counselling Practice. I reflected on Person-centred Therapy ( percent) as the comparative model beca spend of the conflict that exists between this and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). The conflict is historical, governmental and from psycheal experience. In therapy twenty years ago I became forest on the whole with my proponents person-centred approach. I take exceptiond my counsellor to provide me with more back up and help.I therefore had preconceived ideas of per centum which may be similar to unimaginative thinking of these models. It was excessively warm, completely non- setive and only reflected back to the lymph node, which I set in motion frustrating. I empathise now it was because my coping style was externalised and I had no control over external flatts, which suited a more direc t guidance approach. So, how would this influence my execute as a counsellor? In theoretical destinations and in observed physical exercise I apprehended the advantages of PCT for its empathetic dread and for guests who look a non-directive approach to come along emotional aw atomic number 18ness.Presenting issues that tail end be helped by PTS ar bereavement, drug and intoxicant issues, depression, panic and anxiousness, eating difficulties, ego-harm, childhood sexual abuse (Tolan and Wilkins, 2012). I form utilize the model affectively for bereavement and sexual abuse as an fracture of a direction would consider been inappropriate and incongruent at the time. My preconceptions of CBT were resultant focused, challenge and that low intensity based hitchs ignore the thickenings past. I feel competent in using certain behavioural intervention in my practice and challenge maladaptive thinking patterns in sessions.CBT is a medical model and although we confine be en taught the disadvantages to diagnoses, CBT is seen as the treatment of select for many presenting problems due to the amount of empirical evidence available. These are anxiety disorders, panic, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD, bulimia and depression as identified by adept (NICE, 2008, Accessed online 27/06/201). This report reflects on the appropriate use of the models. Stereotypes have well-nigh element of truth, exactly at the same time, are not the truths. I complimentsed to understand the similarities and parallels while respecting the fact that, in manage, I use twain models.I didnt want to do a bit of from each one badly, merely use a model in full at the appropriate time and understand my reason for doing so (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). Both PCT and CBT are deeply rooted in the same philosophical underpinning of humanism, existentialism, and both are phenomenology particularly to the nature of trauma. However, there are differences in the understand ing and interpretation of the philosophy. Both approaches view a person as running(prenominal)ly pursuance maturation and self-actualisation. There are incompatible beliefs between the models. (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012).PCT observes that seeking growth and self-actualisation is a way of being and in itself cure. Rogers professed that there were vi necessary conditions for therapeutic growth that alone were sufficient to lead to a fully functioning person. The undivided is the own expert who can stop their own journey of their reality and can heal themselves with the core, being the kin itself. The social system of the self includes self-concept and introjected beliefs. PCT communicates acceptance of the knobs own experience and encourages then to identify alternate choices.It is a continual journey of self-awareness and know takege, with the withdraw always towards growth (Mearns & Thorne, 2012). CBT views growth and self-actualisation as a shared goal of therapy to be reached with a set of tools, to be implemented in therapy. CBTs view comes from Ellis who defines a person as ill-judged and acute. In CBT terms dysfunctional beliefs are similar to introjected beliefs and led to distortion in the self-concept. The irrational causes distress and rational directs the individual to fully functioning. CBT primary belief is self distortion and the exhibit of cognitive dissonance.Interventions such as the ABCDE framework are used to challenge and dispute irrational thinking and are aimed at increasing thickenings self-awareness and self-understanding. CBT sees the kinship as more collaborative and facilitates naked as a jaybird eruditeness. An individuals construct of reality is dimensional and irrationality stops the client from changing. Therefore, a persons drive is not always towards growth (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). A similarity of both approaches is the understanding of self-worth and haughty self-acceptance. The nature of suffering is seen the same. Humans are flawed, imperfect and we cause our own disturbance.Both see the client as the expert in the relationship. Authenticity is of great importance to both PCT and CBT as is the therapeutic relationship. It is the emphasis on the edge of change, to pay off oneself, where the differences in two models lie (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012). From a PCT stead a client discovers some hidden aspect of them self that they werent aware of previously and moves towards a greater degree of acceptance of self by being prized by the therapist (unconditional positive regard), have a wiz of realness (genuineness) and listen to them self (empathy).A client moves towards seeing new meaning. These changes are characteristic of therapeutic movement. The client moves along a continuum from rigid structure to flow which can be seen in the seven stages of therapeutic change. Rogers term was organismic experiencing which was inter personalised in the therapeutic relationship through uncon ditional positive regard and intrapersonal within the client accept a new experience into their awareness (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012). In PCT, the process of change there are different corrective experiences for a client.For me practising with a client group from a womens refuge I use PCT and Rogers condition-of-worth. The incongruence between the self-concept and trustworthy self is evident due to the abuse. This creation of a false self is corrected with unconditional positive regard, empathy and genuineness. Process Theory is where, change in the experience of feelings and the recognition that the client is the creator of their own construct occurs. The therapeutic change has a developmental sequence.There is a change in the clients manner of experiencing feelings and recognition of being the creator of their own constructs, accepting responsibility and in relating to others unmannerlyly and freely. This is compatible with the condition of worth. A person moves with acceptance to a fully functioning person. The persons boilers suit way of being is changed. Relating to a congruent therapist, the client learns to be open and congruent themselves (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012). Unblocking or Focusing is where the self-correcting, self-healing process of the organism is blocked.The person cant refer inwardly, focus on feelings or articulate meaning. They have a rigid self-concept. Empathic listening within the therapeutic relationship opens the issue to re-examination and unblocks the person self-healing process. There is an interaction between the feeling and the precaution the client brings to create a new meaning. This is Gendlins felt sense, an unforeseen feeling of flow. The client becomes an active self-healer who has been felt heard and understood (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012).In practice building Meaning Bridges new understanding which identifying introjects imposed by others who imposed external systems of value has been paramount because of the externa l pressure that have be imposed through a close relationship. Internal opposing voices can be accepted, examined and resolved through compromise and collaborative solution. Until now, I saw this as CBT that can now see this as PCT with Rogerss necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic change all that is needed for the process of change and this change occurs without engaging in cognitive process, but in the moment (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012).I am able to draw personal parallels from watching Rogers session with Gloria. Gloria wanted an answer from Rogers. In the session she lay down it for herself, even though she actively interpreted that he had helped her to the decision even though he hadnt. She makes the decision of honesty for herself. Although non-directive, Rogerss session had a focused, this was of self-healing and self-direction. Refuting the belief that the person-centred way is only to reflect back to the client. The warmth from the counsellor is also part of t he process of condition of worth.This helps me challenge my preconceived ideas and understand what is happening in practice. In practise, I am aware from a CBT perspective the therapeutic approach can teach clients new skills. The therapist is regarded as more of a coach. The client receiptss from new skills and perspectives which facilitate the learning and have a sense of efficacy. I have used CBT to realise at specific problem behaviours and conceptualise them as having cognitive, affective, behavioural and physiological elements each of which can have a legitimate target for intervention and can be check for validity (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012).The process of change occurs in practice as old ways are challenged through moving-picture show exercise, behavioural experiments and cognitive restructuring techniques. Change occurs in the therapeutic setting or outside in a person everyday life. It may require repetition to produce a lasting effect and reduce maladapted patterns. Th is is where CBT and PCT are similar as this requires a strong therapeutic alliance, but CBT literature takes this as a given and may be a reason it is criticised. Clients are taught emotional regulation and basic functioning skills, such as problem-solving skills, breathing relaxation and active coping.Specific interventions are then used to motivate and foster the therapeutic relationship, such as cost benefit analysis, daily thought records, and in vivo exposure. Aligning clients goals with interventions in a formulation develops the therapeutic alliance and collaborates with the client, with hypothesis-testing strategies used to undergo the process of change Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). CBT is focused on corrective experiences and facilitates through interventions rather than challenging a client.It respects the importance of the therapeutic relationship and uses Rogers core conditions but does not see the conditions as sufficient. In-depth schema focused CBT takes the therapy to a deeper level and deals with past issues, than the low intensity offered by the NHS. Again my preconceptions are challenged for the benefit of my practice. I can see how the two models are not rivals, as Roger Casemore and Jeremy Tudway suggest in their book Person-centred Therapy and CBT, and that sibling as a illustration works well (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012).For me, the therapeutic relationship and the advanced empathy required in PCT are important in my practise along with the core conditions in order to create change. Rogers believes interventions as wrong, from a philosophical loony toons of view, as the client always having to lead the therapy. This is because Rogers sees a person as having limitless potential. For me, CBT in offering intervention and gentle coaching helps a client on their journey to self-healing and a seed can be planted and therapeutic change can happen outside the counselling session.I support the views not all humans have the same drive and there i s an unconscious element to being rational or irrational. It is a more real idea and not as optimistic as Rogers. It is observation of this therapeutic change and this idea that supports the use of CBT in my practise (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). The BACP ethical framework has been written with Rogers core conditions in mind. Therefore, PCT offers the client and the therapist the need to fulfil the principles of self-care, of being trustworthy and providing autonomy.As to the personal good qualities the PCT requires the therapist to have advanced empathy. CBT has been criticised for focusing too such(prenominal) on the intervention and not being of beneficence. In CBT extra competency in the implementation of the intervention is required, so the criticism of the technique suitable the therapy cannot be applied . In writing this report and in my practise, I feel the difference are enough not to combine the models, but that each model can go into the same toolkit and used independe ntly in the same session with a client.With the collaborative element in mind and further reading I am interested in the approach by Mick Cooper and John McLeod. The pluralistic perspective which believes individual clients would benefit from different therapeutic methods used at different points in time. Therapist would work collaboratively with clients. Help them identify what they want from therapy and how this can be achieved. It leaves the question of the process of therapy integration in practice open for debate. (Cooper, and McLeod, 2010, Assessed Online26/06/13).